The word IoT is abbreviated as “Internet of things”. According to Kevin Ashton the then executive director of the Auto-ID Center he first used the term “Internet of Things” in 1999 while working on a project for Procter & Gamble in the context of RFID(Radio-frequency identification) supply chains.
DEFINITION:
IoT is defined as a network of Internet-connected objects which are able to connect and exchange data between them.
HISTORY OF IoT:
- 1949– INVENTION OF THE BARCODE
Barcode
The beginning of the internet of things started when Norman Joseph woodland invented the barcode. He obtained the idea of the barcode when he drew lines in the sand. Also, Woodland received the patent for the linear barcode in 1952.
- 1950– FIRST HEAD MOUNTED DISPLAY
- In the year 1950, Morton heiling invented “Sensorama” the first head-mounted display which however gave the user, experience of riding a motorcycle in Brooklyn.
Coke vending machine
- Later in 1955 Edward o thorp developed wearable computers for prediction of roulette wheels. Over ten years later Hubert Upton invented analog wearable computers with eyeglass mounted display to aid in lip reading.
There were some developments were happened from the early ’70s to early 2000. while In 1980 coke wending machine was discovered to monitor numbers of bottles.
- In the year 1990, John romkey demonstrated bread toaster using the internet.
- Within course of 1995, Siemens developed the first machine to machine (m2m) communication application for tracking and remote monitoring.
- while In 2001, David Brock published electronic paper coffee(EPC), which is a naming scheme for a physical object to identify and track them over their life cycle.
- During the year 2004, major publications were taking places such as home light, home healthcare and shipping monitoring.
Arduino circuit
- 2005- IVREA(IDII) Italy, developed ARDUINO. A microcontroller to help in interaction with two objects.
- 2005- First report about IoT in an ITU(International telecommunication union).
- 2009- Google started to test self-driving car.
- 2014- Amazon echo was introduced.
Why should we learn IoT?
Imagine when we wake up and the lights turn on itself and tea/coffee machine serves to you etc. So, These things can happen with a single touch. This can be made possible using IoT. The upcoming industrial revolution, which is going to change our lives in ways never imagined before.
Smart home
Wouldn’t we love if we could switch on AC before reaching home or switch off the lights even after we left home?
How about unlocking the doors to friends for temporary access even when you aren’t at home?
Smart Home has also become the major ladder of success in the residential spaces and the prediction Smart homes will become as common as smartphones nowadays.
The smart home is a connected home that hence connects all type of digital devices to communicate with each other through the internet.
An IoT system consists of these basic components namely:
1. Sensors and actuators.
2. Network and protocol.
3. Platform, apps and services.
Thus, The sensor is an element which produces signal relating to a quantity being measure.
The output of the sensor is ‘electrical quantity’ whole the measurand is ‘physical quantity’.
Types of sensors:
- Temperature Sensors
- Proximity Sensors
- Level Sensors
- Accelerometers
- Gyroscope
- Gas Sensors
- Pressure sensors
- Humidity sensor
- These are some sensors used in IoT systems
An actuator is a component of a machine which is responsible for moving and controlling mechanism.
For sensors and actuators, we also need to arrange some protocols. After completion of protocol processes, we however need to create an online platform for it.
Demand:-
- Improves our lifestyle.
- Better career opportunities.
- also, Safe and secure learning environment.
- User-friendly programming language.
- Thus, Better scope for future in a data scientist.
Applications of IoT:-
- Home automation
- Medical and healthcare
- Environmental monitoring
- Agriculture e.t.c.
Written by: Sameer
Reviewed by: Batta Pruthvi
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